As you draw closer to retirement, it becomes more important than ever to stay on top of your financial health — which means looking at metrics like your credit score.
Depending on how you've dealt with credit throughout your working life, your credit score could run the range from poor to excellent. But unlike someone who just started working, if you're in your 60s, you're running low on time to get out of debt and boost your credit score.
Below, we explain what you should know about credit scores, including why they matter, what the average credit score is for 60-year-olds, and what you can do to improve your score before retiring.
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Why does your credit score matter?
A credit score is a number lenders use to decide who to offer loans to and at what rate. Typically, the higher the credit score, the better your odds of securing a loan with a reasonable interest rate and beneficial terms.
If you have a low credit score, lenders may see you as less likely to make loan payments on time. A low credit score can disqualify you from certain loans, reduce the amount of money a lender will offer you, and even prevent you from renting the apartment you want.
How is your credit score determined?
The most commonly used credit score is a FICO score, which evaluates your credit based on five factors:
- Your payment history, which includes whether you've consistently paid bills on time or defaulted on any loans.
- The length of your credit history, which demonstrates your reliability over long periods of time.
- The number of times you've applied for a new credit line.
- The type of credit you have, such as a mix of mortgage loans and credit cards.
- Your current level of debt, especially how the amount you owe compares to your total credit limit.
Other credit bureaus may consider different factors to calculate your credit score, or they might use the same factors but weigh them differently than FICO does. Still, the factors above are generally considered essential to a good credit score.
The average credit score for people in their 60s
According to data from Chase Bank, the average credit score for Americans in their 60s is 749. FICO considers this a "very good" credit score, a category second only to "excellent," which refers to credit scores of 800 and above. VantageScore, another common credit scoring service, considers 749 "good," while any score higher than 780 is considered "excellent."
Per Chase Bank's data, Americans' credit scores tend to improve as they age. Once you're in your 60s, you have a much longer credit history than someone fresh out of their teens, and you likely have many different types of credit. You've probably also dealt with larger loans, including mortgages, which work in your favor if you've made timely payments throughout the decades.
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How do you compare?
If your credit score is at or above the average for your age bracket, you don't have much to worry about. Most lenders are thrilled to work with individuals who have "very good" or "excellent" credit scores.
If your score is below average, remember that you aren't alone: hundreds of thousands of Americans are in your same boat, and there's still time to improve your score.
How to improve your credit score
Having below-average credit in your 60s can feel particularly frightening, especially if you're only a year or two out from retirement. But it's never too late to get to work on your credit, starting with the steps below.
Commit to making your payments on time
If you tend to forget payments until their due date has passed, enroll in autopay to avoid late fees and dings to your credit score. If you have to miss a payment due to financial strain, do your best to get caught up as soon as possible so your debt doesn't spiral further.
Don't apply for a new credit card unless you absolutely have to
Every time you apply for a credit card, your credit score takes a hit. And if you're approved for the card, you have another payment with high-interest debt to worry about.
Consider only applying for a new credit card if you're out of options, and never open a card to buy things you want but can't afford right now. The interest you accrue if you don't pay off the balance right away isn't worth it.
Carefully monitor your credit score
Understanding your credit score is a great way to catch any errors. For example, if someone steals your identity and opens multiple credit cards in your name, your credit score will suffer.
You can dispute fraudulent issues if they occur, but it's easier to use a free credit monitoring tool like Experian's, which sends you frequent credit score reports and notifies you of potential identity theft so you can act fast.
Decide on a strategy for lowering credit card debt
If you're paying off multiple high-interest debts, consider strategies like the snowball method, for example, which recommends paying off your smallest debts first (while still making payments on larger amounts). Once you've wrapped up the smaller debt, you can roll that payment into the next-largest payment to pay off debt faster.
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Focus on living within your means
Penny pinching isn't fun for anyone, but if it helps you avoid going into retirement with mounds of debt and a low credit score, it's worth it.
Even small steps like eating at home instead of dining out, wearing a sweater instead of turning up the heat, and opting for public transit can help you avoid more debt so you can start upping your credit score.
Bottom line
No matter what your credit score is, the fact that you're paying attention to it means you're on the right track to build wealth.
Maintaining these strategies into retirement can help you maximize your retirement savings and ensure you can still access credit if you need it, even without the stability of a full-time job to back you up.
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